REPORTED SPEECH

REPORTED SPEECH
(INDIRECT SPEECH) 

 

Ada 3 macam reported speech

1.      Reported Statements

2.      Reported Questions

3.      Reported Commands

REPORTED STATEMENTS

Hal-hal yang perlu diketahui      :

a)      Apabila kata kerja yang menceritakannya  bentuk present (S+Verb I), Present Perfect (S+have/has+ Verb 3), atau Future Tense (S+Will/Shall+Verb 1), maka dalam kalimat tidak langsung tidak ada perubahan tenses !!             

 CONTOH

Dini says, “ I am not going.”

Indirect Speech/Reported Speech

Dini says she is not going.     

 Present tense

Dini will say she is not going.

 Future Tense

Dini has said she is not going.

                   Present Perfect

  

FORM

DIRECT	INDIRECT
PRESENT SIMPLE	PAST SIMPLE
PRESENT CONTINUOUS	PAST CONTINUOUS
PAST CONTINUOUS	PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
PRESENT PERFECT	PAST PERFECT
PAST SIMPLE
MUST	HAD TO
WILL	WOULD
CAN	COULD
PRESENT FUTURE	PAST FUTURE
FUTURE PERFECT	FUTURE PAST PERFECT
PAST FUTURE	FUTURE PAST PERFECT
IS GOING TO (FUTURE TENSE 2)	WAS GOING TO
ARE GOING TO (FUTURE TENSE 2)	WERE GOING TO

PENGECUALIAN / EXCEPTION (TIDAK BERUBAH)

DIRECT	INDIRECT
WOULD	WOULD
SHOULD	SHOULD
COULD	COULD
OUGHT TO	OUGHT TO
MIGHT	MIGHT
DIRECT	INDIRECT
TOMORROW	THE NEXT DAY / THE FOLLOWING DAY/THE DAY AFTER
YESTERDAY	THE DAY BEFORE/ THE MORNING BEFORE MORNING
HERE	THERE
THIS / THAT	THE
THIS MORNING	THAT MORNING
TONIGHT	THAT NIGHT
NEXT / ON TUESDAY	THE FOLLOWING TUESDAY
LAST TUESDAY	THE PREVIOUS TUESDAY
THE DAY AFTER TOMORROW	IN TWO DAYS’ TIME
AGO	BEFORE / PREVIOUSLY
A MONTH AGO	A MONTH BEFORE
LAST MONTH	THE MONTH BEFORE
NOW	THEN
TODAY	THAT DAY
THE DAY BEFORE YESTERDAY	TWO DAYS BEFORE
TOMORROW AFTERNOON	THE FOLLOWING AFTERNOON
NEXT WEEK	THE WEEK AFTER
LAST NIGHT	THE NIGHT BEFORE
THESE	THOSE
HERE	THERE

SUBJECT		OBJECT		POSSESSIVE
DIRECT	INDIRECT	DIRECT	INDIRECT	DIRECT	INDIRECT
THEY	THEY	THEM	THEM	THEIR	THEIR
WE	THEY	US	THEM	OUR	THEIR
I	HE / SHE	ME	HIM,HER	MY	HIS/HER
YOU	HE / SHE/ I	YOU	ME, HIM, HER	YOUR	MY, HIS,  HER
HE	HE	HIM	HIM	HIS	HIS
SHE	SHE	HER	HER	HER	HER
IT	IT	IT	IT	ITS	ITS

II. REPORTED QUESTION

Biasanya dipakai reporting verbs : ask, wonder, want to know, inquire, dsb

He said, “ Are you happy?”                  Kalimat Tanya Yes/No-QUESTION

Indirect speech

He asked  if (whether) I was happy.

He wondered if (whether) I was happy.

He wanted to know if (whether) I was happy.

He inquired  if (whether) I was happy.

Example

“Do you like it”

He asked whether I liked it.

He said, “ What are you doing?”                  Kalimat Tanya WH-QUESTION

Indirect speech

He asked  what I was doing.

He wondered what I was doing.

He wanted to know what I was doing.

He inquired  what I was doing.

Example

 “ What is your name.”

He asked me what my name was.

III. REPORTED COMMANDS

A.     POSITIVE COMMANDS.

Dalam hal ini imperative menjadi invinitive with to

e.g.       : “Go away!”

  He told me to go away.                       He asked me to go away.

              He wanted me to go away.                 He ordered me to go away.

  NEGATIVE COMMANDS

Dalam hal ini negative imperative menjadi not +  invinitive with to

e.g.       : “Don’t go away!”

              He told me not to go away.

  He ordered me not to go away.

  He asked me not to go away.

              He wanted me not to go away.

Posted in: Senior High School